Parker Edwards
Parker Edwards
Can someone please give me a list of musicians of the Harlem Renaissance?
I already have a few like Louis Armstrong, Josephine Baker, Edward Kennedy Ellington, Dizzy Gillespie, Billie Holiday, Charlie Parker but I need more!
One of the greatest musicians from the renaissance period was Duke Ellington, known as the Duke. The Duke was born in Washington, DC as Edward Kennedy Ellington on 29th April 1899. Thereafter, he moved to New York and started a band. During the Renaissance he appeared with his band at many theaters and nightclubs. He was blessed to appear in Carnegie Hall in 1943. Ellington produced such masterful songs as, Mood Indigo in 1931, Sophisticated Lady in 1933, Solitude in 1934 and others. The favorite theme for his band was Take the ‘A’ Train. His musical compositions and rhythms transcend the spectrum of classical music, jazz, choral music, gospel, spiritual, blues and dance.
Duke Ellington is considered one of the world’s greatest composers and musicians. He played over 20,000 performances worldwide in the course of his musical career, during which time he received the Presidential Medal of Freedom of the United States, and awarded the Legion of Honor from the French government (Ellington).
Louis Armstrong is considered to be one of the greatest jazz players of all times. Music and jazz were the love of his life. His ambition, demeanor, abilities, talents, and soul were all focused on the art of playing jazz. Armstrong surpassed all other jazz players of his time and still remained untouched. He was born in New Orleans on July 4, 1900. He had his first real horn, a coronet, at age seven. At a young age he demonstrated brilliance with the coronet and trumpet and played before large audiences in New Orleans, Chicago, and with bands on the Mississippi River. During 1925 he influenced the Harlem Renaissance and played with the Fletcher Henderson New York Band. In 1929, he returned to Harlem after a short absence and performed magnificently on Broadway in Connie’s Hot Chocolates and also made his first nationwide recordings. During 1932 he had several successful European tours and reached unprecedented heights with his music. His personality was advanced by radio, films, television and other appearances. Louis Armstrong is considered to be the true king of jazz and a legend of his time. He passes from labor to reward on July 6, 1971 (Louis Armstrong).
Bessie Smith, the greatest blues singer of all ages, was an integral part of the renaissance. She performed at the Cotton Club in Harlem and was called the “Empress of the Blues.” Her recordings over the period of 1923 to 1933 elevated her to one of the highest levels in jazz history. She was born in Chattanooga, Tennessee in 1894 and went from rags to riches. Her presence could be felt when she stepped on the stage and her six foot personality started to sing. She embarked upon her career by performing at the age of nine and often appeared with her brother, Andrew, who was a guitarist. She was mentored by Ma Rainey, who is considered to be the first woman to sing the Blues.
Bessie’s major contribution came in 1920 during the Harlem Renaissance with her recording Crazy Blues. Other smash hits of hers were, Downhearted Blues and Golf Coast Blues. These recordings helped save Columbia Records from bankruptcy because of their high record sales (Hemsworth). Bessie was considered one of the highest paid female African-American entertainers in the United States of America. Over the years she appeared at major concerts and recordings. Bessie was called from labor to reward in September 1937 as a result of an automobile accident in Mississippi. She will always be remembered as the “Empress of the Blues.”
There were other great African-American recording artists whose presence graced the Harlem Renaissance period. The fascinating music of Billie Holiday was marvelous to all Americans. Dizzy Gillespie also made significant contributions to the world of music. Charlie Richard “Bird” Parker, the great saxophonist, elevated the world of jazz music for others to follow, and Ella Fitzgerald gave her special touch to the renaissance. The contribution of these great artists not only established a pattern of great excellence for future African-American musicians to follow, but in essence, it established a legacy of triumphant greatness for the world to see and enjoy the spirited music having its roots in Mother Africa where it all began. Additionally, blues, jazz and other forms of music written, composed, cherished, and played by these great musicians can be traced to and linked with spiritual activities. As a result, music was an integral part of religion and remains so even to this day.
atp
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