Axis Knife
Axis Knife
Water in a bucket froze strangely. Why?
I have a pet goat. Every winter evening I bring her a bucket full of warm water. Every winter morning I go out and collect the bucket, which by then contains only ice.
This morning, the water in the bucket had frozen in a strange way. Usually, the surface of the ice is flat. But today there was a ice spike growing up from the center of the ice mass. It was approximately knife-blade shaped, or extremely ovoid in cross section with a major axis of about 20 mm and a minor axis of maybe 4 mm. The spike’s height was about 130 mm.
The spike grew in a direction not quite perpendicular to the surface of the ice mass, but was canted over in a direction about 25° from vertical.
Does anyone have an explanation for why the ice grew into this particular shape last night, and for why it does not always do so?
Ice expands when it freezes, and ice in a bucket can freeze in different ways, trapping the water in the middle which will eventually freeze and need to expand. This will create all sorts of pressures which could react in strange ways depending on the rate of freezing. For example, the bottom of the bucket usually buldges to make room for the expansion initially, but eventually , something has to give. The different effects could depend on the temperature of the ground, how well the bucket was in contact with the ground, wind, temperature (extremely cold, windy temperatures will freeze the top quicker, material the bucket is made from, how clear the night is…
Animals may poke through a thin layer of ice to drink, causing an escape hole which then later continued to grow as more pressure formed from within. It sounds like you saw something which probably took a pretty unusual set of factors. Neat.
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